which is Hebrew for "an interval" ("space between") the "evening".
Remember, Hebrew is written from right to left.
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Probably no topic or issue can stand alone without consideration for information from other topics and issues. Therefore, for better understanding of terms and concepts used herein, other papers should be read in conjunction with this paper and others. One in particular for early reading is What is in a Name |
"un" or "not"
I know that scripture calls the feast “unleavened” bread. But I thought to make the point that this may be a mis-translation. The prefix “un” means to reverse a process. The prefix “non” means to not do the process in the first place. Scripture does say both. When it says to get the leavening out of the home is to reverse the process of bringing it into the home. When it says to not use leavening means to not include it in the food or bring it into the home.
It is a maxim of language that you do not use a word to define itself. So, any definition which uses "un" is bogus. The etymology of "un" shows it began as meaning a "prefix of reversal", hence it is for reversing something which already happened. I know that common usage allows people to make new meanings of words and "un" now is commonly accepted as also meaning "not". But, I wish to show that the leavening was NOT put in the bread. So, when you see “non” or “un” attached to “leaven” or “leavening” or “leavened” or such, you will know what is meant. There is no attempt here to convert anyone to using "not" rather than "un", but only trying to explain why "non-leavened" is used here.
14th or 15th
Many peoples practice that the day for Passover is a certain day and the day for the 1st day of Feast of Nonleavened Bread is the following day and for a total of 7 days. This is patently wrong and scripture does not support this. What scripture does support is that the day for Passover and the 1st day of Feast of Nonleavened Bread is the same day.
There does remain controversy regarding on which is the day for Passover and the 1st day of the Feast of Nonleavened Bread. Most modern jews say the Passover day is the 14th day of the 1st month, while the 1st day of the Feast of Nonleavened Bread is on the 15th. In fact, the 15th is how almost everyone observes the 1st day of ULB. The first report of the Passover and Non-leavened Bread is found in Exodus 12.
We see that 3 chapters specifically refer to the 1st day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread being on the 15th day of the 1st month (Leviticus 23, Numbers 28 and Numbers 33).
Something very compelling is the explicit detailed descriptions proffered in Exodus 12. Exodus 12 details the events prior to, during and after the Passover time. This is a detailed chronology that makes it a compelling guide of how, when and why to observe the Passover and 1st day of Unleavened Bread. This detail unequivocally shows that the day for Passover and the 1st day of the Feast of Nonleavened Bread are the same day. Ezekiel 45:21 and Luke 22:1 are very specific in support of the 1st day of ULB being on the same day as Passover, the 14th day of the 1st month.
At the same time, we see 4 old text chapters seeming to refer to the 1st day of Feast of Unleavened Bread being on the 14th day of the 1st month (Exodus 12, Exodus 13, Deuteronomy 16 & Ezekiel 45). Then there are 3 Gospel chapters that refer to it being the 14th (Matthew 26, Mark 14 & Luke 22). This is a total of 7 references to support the first day of Unleavened Bread being the 14th day of the 1st month.
NOTHING here should be construed to imply a claim that God's word contradicts itself.
Some things seem to be repeated often, but we are trying to be certain some points are made.
Definitions
"To Become Evening"
To assist in understanding some of the references herein, the following words are listed here along with their definitions via Strong's references.
EVENING & EVEN 6153 `ereb {eh'-reb}
Meaning: 1) evening, night, sunset 1a) evening, sunset
1b) night
Origin: from 06150; TWOT - 1689a; n m
Usage: AV - even 72, evening 47, night 4, mingled 2, people
2, eventide 2, eveningtide + 06256 2, Arabia 1, days 1, even + 0996 1,
evening + 03117 1, evening + 06256 1, eventide + 06256 1; 137
EVENINGS 6160 hb'r'[] `arabah {ar-aw-baw'}
Meaning: 1) desert plain, steppe, desert, wilderness
Origin: from 06150 (in the sense of sterility);
TWOT - 1688d; n f
Usage: AV - plain 42, desert 9, wilderness 5, Arabah 2,
champaign 1, evenings 1, heavens 1; 61
EVENINGTIDE 6153 `ereb {eh'-reb}
Meaning: 1) evening, night, sunset 1a) evening, sunset
1b) night
Origin: from 06150; TWOT - 1689a; n m
Usage: AV - even 72, evening 47, night 4, mingled 2, people
2, eventide 2, eveningtide + 06256 2, Arabia 1, days 1, even + 0996 1,
evening + 03117 1, evening + 06256 1, eventide + 06256 1; 137
TOWARD EVENING 06150 `arab {aw-rab'}
Meaning: 1) to become evening, grow dark 1a) (Qal) to
become evening, grow dark 1b) (Hiphil) to spend the evening, do at evening
Origin: a primitive root [identical with 06148 through
the idea of covering with a texture]; TWOT - 1689; v
Usage: AV - evening 2, darkened 1; 3
So, based upon "Strong's" definitions, and other numerous interpretations, "Even" and "Evening" and "evenings", means sunset and comes for the phrase "toward evening" which means growing dark. This indicates that dark has not yet arrived. This allows for most any time at or prior to sunset (dark).
This shows that "at even", such as in exodus 12:3, is toward evening, before dark (sunset) on the 14th is when the lamb is killed. As it grows dark ust prior to the 15th.
"Between the Evenings"
But, there is still more besides Strong's to help us clarify this.
Jay P. Green, Sr. is the translator of the Interlinear Hebrew-Greek-English Bible and of the Literal Translation of the Bible. He has determined that "at even" in Exodus 12:6 means "between the evenings". This is not an interpretation, but rather a literal translation, a word for word comparison.
The translated Hebrew (BHT ) shows the English version of "at even" to be "beyn ha'arbayim" which translates as "between the evenings".
The BHS Hebrew Old Testament (WTT) shows the phrase as
which is Hebrew for "an interval" ("space between") the "evening".
Remember, Hebrew is written from right to left.
So, if these, and more, are correct, the timing for the killing of the lamb is between the evenings of the 14th day of the 1st month, toward evening, as it grows dark .
Using "between the evenings" will help solve some discrepancies with the verses that say the "15th" and those which hint or allow application of the "14th".
It is not good research or study to accept a definition or translation simply because it fits what we want. It should be accepted for imperical reasons. Research, while trying to avoid "parroting" (when one authority quotes another authority who quotes still another authority is simply repeating (parroting) what someone else said) has lead this study to find at least 3 seemingly independant sources (as listed hereabove) to arrive at the meaning of "at even" in the King James version to mean "between the evenings".
If "at even" means "between the evenings", then there are those who want to argue that there is an evening just prior to sunset (prior to sunset) and an evening just after sunset (beginning the next day), and "between the evenings" refers to the evening period following the evening ending a day and the evening beginning the next day. Of course this means remembering that days begin at sundown. This gets quite confusing very quickly.
Using a process known as "Occam's Razor" (named after William of Occam. Given a choice between two explanations, choose the simplest -- the explanation which requires the fewest assumptions), it follows, that with all things being equal, we would choose the explanation which best fits and leaves the fewest unanswered questions.
To that end, we choose "between the evenings" as the meaning of "at even" in verses like Exodus 12:6. Continuing this line of reasoning, we choose that "between the evenings" does not mean the period just prior and just after sunset. Rather, here is an easier explaination to understand what "between the evenings" means. We are told that a day is from evening to evening.
Leviticus 23:27 Also on the tenth day of this seventh
month there shall be a day of atonement: it shall be an holy convocation
unto you; and ye shall afflict your souls, and offer an offering made by
fire unto the LORD.
28 And ye shall do no work in that same day: for
it is a day of atonement, to make an atonement for you before the LORD
your God.
29 For whatsoever soul it be that shall not be
afflicted in that same day, he shall be cut off from among his people.
30 And whatsoever soul it be that doeth any work
in that same day, the same soul will I destroy from among his people.
31 Ye shall do no manner of work: it shall be a
statute for ever throughout your generations in all your dwellings.
32 It shall be unto you a sabbath of rest, and
ye shall afflict your souls: in the ninth day of the month at even,
from even unto even, shall ye celebrate your sabbath.
Then in Genesis 1 we are given some examples to show how the word evening refers to the beginning of the dark portion of a day while morning refers to the beginning of the light portion of a day.
Genesis 1:3-5 And God said, Let there be light: and there was light. 4 And God saw the light, that it was good: and God divided the light from the darkness. 5 And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day.So, "between the evenings" would properly be a way to describe a day, from one evening (sunset) to the next evening (sunset). Therefore, in context, "at even", such as in Exodus 12, would mean to kill and prepare the lamb toward evening, during the 14th day (evening to evening) of the 1st month, and make it ready for eating and painting door posts at the end of the 14th as it ends and the 15th begins.Genesis 1:8 8 And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day.
Genesis 1:13 And the evening and the morning were the third day
Genesis 1:19 And the evening and the morning were the fourth day.
Genesis 1:23 And the evening and the morning were the fifth day.
Genesis 1:31 And God saw every thing that he had made, and, behold, it was very good. And the evening and the morning were the sixth day.
Some Questions
What day is the Passover?
ANSWER: The 15th day of the 1st month, at midnight,
after preparing for it.
What day is the preparation for the Passover?
ANSWER: The 14th day of the 1st month. Leviticus
23:5, Numbers 9:5, Numbers 28:16
Leviticus 23:5 In the fourteenth day of the first month AT EVEN is the LORD'S passover.["at even" "between the evenings" or between the sunsets. The beginning of the day is at sunset after which you prepare for sleep, for without light from the sun, much less work is performed. During the next daylight period you will work and sometime during this day, you will kill the lamb for eating supper at the end of the day, just prior to and at sunset.]Numbers 9:5 And they kept the passover on the fourteenth day of the first month AT EVEN in the wilderness of Sinai: according to all that the LORD commanded Moses, so did the children of Israel.
Numbers 28:16 And in the fourteenth day of the first month is the passover of the LORD.
Approximately what time of what day did Moses tell Pharaoh that the
1st born would be killed?
ANSWER: The DAY prior to the act - Exodus 11:4-5.
Exodus 11:4 And Moses said, Thus saith the LORD, About midnight will I go out into the midst of Egypt:Probably early in the day of the 14th, so Moses still had time to visit with the elders of the tribes to tell them what to do.
5 And all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sitteth upon his throne, even unto the firstborn of the maidservant that is behind the mill; and all the firstborn of beasts.
Approximately what time of what day did the Israelites kill the lamb?
ANSWER: They were to select a lamb on the 10th day of the 1st
month, then at the evening of the 14th day (remember "between the
evenings" - sunsets, probably in the middle of the afternoon) kill it.
Killing the lamb in the afternoon, allowed time to prepare it as cooked
food to eat in the twilight, in the minimal light of the time just prior
to sunset through just after sunset.
This means Moses told Pharaoh, early on the 14th, about the 1st born deaths that would happen the coming night at midnight. - Exodus 12:6-7.
Exodus 12:6 And ye shall keep it up until the fourteenth day of the same month: and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it in the evening.Approximately what time of what day did the Lord PASS OVER?
7 And they shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two side posts and on the upper door post of the houses, wherein they shall eat it.
Exodus 11:4 And Moses said, Thus saith the LORD, About midnight will I go out into the midst of Egypt:Approximately what time of what day did the Israelites paint the door posts?
5 And all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sitteth upon his throne, even unto the firstborn of the maidservant that is behind the mill; and all the firstborn of beasts.Exodus 12:12 For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the LORD.
13 And the blood shall be to you for a token upon the houses where ye are: and when I see the blood, I will pass over you , and the plague shall not be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt.Exodus 12:29 And it came to pass, that at midnight the LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the firstborn of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of cattle.
Exodus 12:6 And ye shall keep it up until the fourteenth day of the same month: and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it in the evening.Approximately what time of what day did the Israelites eat the lamb?
7 And they shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two side posts and on the upper door post of the houses, wherein they shall eat it.
Exodus 12:8 And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.Approximately what time of what day did the Israelites first eat the non leavened bread?
9 Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof.
10 And ye shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; and that which remaineth of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire.
Exodus 12:6 And ye shall keep it up until the fourteenth day of the same month: and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it in the evening.Approximately what time of what day did Pharaoh tell Moses to get his people out of town?
7 And they shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two side posts and on the upper door post of the houses, wherein they shall eat it.
8 And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.
9 Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof.
10 And ye shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; and that which remaineth of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire.Exodus 12:29 And it came to pass, that at midnight the LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the firstborn of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of cattle.
Exodus 12:29 And it came to pass, that at midnight the LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the firstborn of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of cattle.Approximately what time of what day did the Israelites leave their homes in Egypt for their exodus?Exodus 12:30 And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead.
Exodus 12:30 And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead.Approximately when did Pharaoh chase after the Israelites?
31 And he called for Moses and Aaron by night, and said, Rise up, and get you forth from among my people, both ye and the children of Israel; and go, serve the LORD, as ye have said.
32 Also take your flocks and your herds, as ye have said, and be gone; and bless me also.
33 And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people, that they might send them out of the land in haste; for they said, We be all dead men.
34 And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneadingtroughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders.
Numbers 33:5 And the children of Israel removed from Rameses, and pitched in Succoth.Verse 14 says to keep THIS day as a memorial. The day to which verses 6-13 focus is the day of departure, the 15th day of the 1st month. Then verse 15 says that we will eat unleavened bread for seven days, not an additional seven days. This is the days of their encampments. It says the first day of the seven shall be a Sabbath (holy convocation). Verse 8 said to eat unleavened bread with the lamb at the end of the 14th and the beginning of the 15th. So the first day of the seven day feast begins on the 15th day of the 1st month. It is the whole of the 15th day which is with non leavened bread. The 14th was merely a preparation day and John tells us this in John 19:42. Exodus 12:17, says to observe the first day of the seven day feast of ULB as the day God brought Israel out of Egypt. They prepared the lamb on the 14th, the Lord passed over at midnight of the 15th, the Pharoah kicked out the Israelites before daybreak of the 15th.
6 And they departed from Succoth, and pitched in Etham, which is in the edge of the wilderness.
7 And they removed from Etham, and turned again unto Pihahiroth, which is before Baalzephon: and they pitched before Migdol.
8 And they departed from before Pihahiroth, and passed through the midst of the sea into the wilderness, and went three days' journey in the wilderness of Etham, and pitched in Marah.
9 And they removed from Marah, and came unto Elim: and in Elim were twelve fountains of water, and threescore and ten palm trees; and they pitched there.
10 And they removed from Elim, and encamped by the Red sea.
11 And they removed from the Red sea, and encamped in the wilderness of Sin.Exodus 14:8 And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued after the children of Israel: and the children of Israel went out with an high hand.
9 But the Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pihahiroth, before Baalzephon.
10 And when Pharaoh drew nigh, the children of Israel lifted up their eyes, and, behold, the Egyptians marched after them; and they were sore afraid: and the children of Israel cried out unto the LORD.
Exodus 12:30-34 is referring to the 15th as the day the Israelites left their homes in Egypt. Verse 18 says that the 14th day (end of the day) of the 1st month we shall eat unleavened bread until the 21st at evening (end of the day). As the 15th day begins (the end of the 14th) and counting 7 whole days through the 21st, is seven days of observance..
Exodus 12:14 And this day shall be unto you for a memorial; and ye shall keep it a feast to the LORD throughout your generations; ye shall keep it a feast by an ordinance for ever.THEREFORE: Pharaoh was warned early on the 14th day of the 1st month, by Moses, about the first born killing that would happen the following midnight, of the 15th. At the end of the 14th day (before dark) the Israelites killed the lamb and prepared it for eating in the late day of the 14th and early night of the 15th. Just before eating, the Israelites painted their door posts around sunset. Then the Israelites ate the Passover meal WITH non-leavened bread. Then at midnight, the firstborn were killed. Before dawn, the Pharaoh booted the Israelites from his Kingdom.
15 Seven days shall ye eat unleavened bread; even the first day ye shall put away leaven out of your houses: for whosoever eateth leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut off from Israel.
16 And in the first day there shall be an holy convocation, and in the seventh day there shall be an holy convocation to you; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every man must eat, that only may be done of you.
17 And ye shall observe the feast of unleavened bread; for in this selfsame day have I brought your armies out of the land of Egypt: therefore shall ye observe this day in your generations by an ordinance for ever.
18 In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at even, ye shall eat unleavened bread, until the one and twentieth day of the month at even.Exodus 12:30 And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead.
31 And he called for Moses and Aaron by night, and said, Rise up, and get you forth from among my people, both ye and the children of Israel; and go, serve the LORD, as ye have said.
32 Also take your flocks and your herds, as ye have said, and be gone; and bless me also.
33 And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people, that they might send them out of the land in haste; for they said, We be all dead men.
34 And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneadingtroughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders.John 19:28 After this, Jesus knowing that all things were now accomplished, that the scripture might be fulfilled, saith, I thirst.
29 Now there was set a vessel full of vinegar: and they filled a spunge with vinegar, and put it upon hyssop, and put it to his mouth.
30 When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, It is finished: and he bowed his head, and gave up the ghost.
31 The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation, that the bodies should not remain upon the cross on the sabbath day, (for that sabbath day was an high day,) besought Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away.
32 Then came the soldiers, and brake the legs of the first, and of the other which was crucified with him.
33 But when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead already, they brake not his legs:
HENCE: The day of memorial is the 1st day of unleavened (non-leavened) bread and is the same day that the Lord Passed Over, the 15th day of the 1st month. Remember, a day begins at sundown.
This means Yahshua was killed at the end of the 14th (is that a revelation?)
and ate the Passover meal at the end of the 13th and beginning of the 14th
(remember a day begins at sunset). This is a day early. Most
everyone agrees Yahsua ate a day early, but on which day was it?
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The Warning
Moses gives Pharoah a warning that the coming night the firstborn will die. [Exodus 11:4-5en# 1]
Being that "Passover" is in the 15th day of the 1st month, the Lord "passes over" during the night of the 15th (the early portion of the day, remember a day begins at sundown). This means that Moses gave Pharoah the warning on the day of the 14th day of the 1st month. Yet, Moses seems to have had many days notices of events to come, and he seems to have told the Israelites [Exodus 12:1-3 & 21].
Preparation Day & Escape
Leviticus 23 [en# 2] and Numbers 28 [en# 3] indicates Passover is on the 14th day of the 1st month and says the 1st day of Unleavened Bread is the 15th day of the 1st month. But, as explained hereabove, the 14th is really a preparation day for Passover and the day when you start eating the meal. The use of the word Passover is also meaning any of several events leading towards the midnight act of the Lord passing over.
Numbers 33:3 [en# 4] indicates the Israelites departed on the 15th day of the 1st month.
Not directly on point of this writing, is Numbers 33:5-11 [en# 5] telling of the Israelites trek from Rameses past the Red sea. Prior to getting to the Red Sea they camped (pitched) 3 nights. This would allow us to think they did not know Pharaoh was after them till they got to the Red Sea. Therefore, Pharaoh did not immediately go after them, OR he was slow with his chariots chasing people who are on foot. Then Exodus 14:8-10 [en# 6] tells us that Pharaoh caught the Israelites at the Red Sea.
Leviticus 23:5, Numbers 9:5 & Numbers 33:3, indicate that the 15th day of the 1st month is the 1st day of ULB.
Exodus 12 [en# 7] and 13 (a continuation of chapter 12) tells us that Passover and the 1st day of ULB are the same day, as the Israelites were instructed to eat the Lamb with non-leavened bread, then in verses 15-20 it says the 1st day of ULB is on the 15th, with the 14th being a preparation day. They evidently had several days notice of coming events and surely had time to make at least the first nights bread with leavening, yet they were instructed to not take the time and be prepared to do things in haste. The Passover and the first day of ULB are both on the 15th day of the 1st month, at sunset ending the 14th and beginning the 15th.
Chapter 13 [en# 8] is a continuance of chapter 12, and Moses tells the Israelites to keep the 7 day feast in "rememberance" of their coming out of Egypt (remember their multi day trek). Since Exodus 12 is very detailed regarding their departure beginning on the 15th day of the 1st month and the first day of ULB being with the eating of the Lamb on the 14th, we should practice the remembrance as outlined in chapter 12.
Having the Passover
Ezekiel came along after the Torah (1st 5 books of Scripture) and his writings relate HAVING the Passover. HAVING Passover, KEEPING the Passover, and other related verbiage are referring to sitting to eat, which is at the end of the day, just about sunset. Ezekiel is succcinct that Passover and 1st day of ULB are the same. [Ezekiel 45:21 en# 9]
Deuteronomy 16:6 [en# 10.1] tells us that the lamb is killed BEFORE the sun is down and the Israelites would eat the lamb as the nightly meal at the end of the 14th day and the beginning of the 15th day. They would eat Unleavened Bread with it, and do so for seven days. This refers to the lamb killing PRIOR to sundown. This chapter tells us to keep Passover and ULB as a remembrance of the escape from Egypt. Verse 3 says this remembrance includes eating non leavened bread WITH the lamb meal. Therefore, the day for Passover and the 1st day of ULB are the same day.
In [Matthew 26:2-5 en# 11 & Mark 14:1-2 en# 12] Yahshua pronounces that there are 2 days till Passover (the 15th day of the 1st month) and the Priests plotted to secretly capture Yahshua. Therefore this was sometime during the day of the 13th. The priests concurred that waiting till the 2nd day (Passover) would cause an uproar amoung the Israelites. So, the only night available to grab Yahshua was the night of the 14th (the night is the first portion of the day). Yahshua was taken into custody during the night of the 14th (the early portion of the day) and was taken before the courts during the morning and finally hung during the afternoon of the 14th day of the 1st month. The Feast day mentioned here is the first day of Unleavened Bread which is a annual Sabbath, while Passover, being an event, is not a Sabbath day. Mark 14:1&12 indicates that Passover and the 1st day of ULB are the same day. Verse 12 is a conversation of planning for the Passover & ULB, a day then yet to come.
The writings of Luke came along after the Torah and after the teachings of Yahshua. Luke 22:1&7 [en# 13] succinctly says that the beginning (1st day) of the Feast of Unleavened Bread and Passover are the same. How much more clear do you want it?
The following verses use these associated phrases
-- Exodus 12:15-20 "at even",
-- Leviticus 23:5 "In the fourteenth day of the first month at
even is the LORD'S passover"
-- Numbers 9:5 "they kept the passover on the fourteenth day
of the first month at even"
-- Numbers 28:16 "is the passover of the LORD"
-- Joshua 5:10 "kept the passover"
-- Ezekiel 45:21 "ye shall have the passover, a feast of seven
days; unleavened bread shall be eaten"
-- 2 Chronicles 35:1, "they killed the passover on the fourteenth
day of the first month"
-- Ezra 6:19, "kept the passover upon the fourteenth day of the
first month"
-- Ezekial 45:21 "In the first month, in the fourteenth day of
the month, ye shall have the passover, a feast of seven days; unleavened
bread shall be eaten"
Most of these show us a different way to use the word "passover". All of these tell us that Passover is an event or series of events and not a day, and these events are at the end of the 14th into the 15th. This Appointed Time of Israel (the creator) seems undisputed
The Difference Between Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread
Passover is NOT a day, but is an annual and historical event or series of events at the end of 14th into the beginning of the 15th. The Feast of Unleavened Bread is a seven day observance (time), starting on the 15th, for seven days.
Parallels with Yahshua
As reported in John 19:31 [en# 14], after Yahshua "gave up the ghost", his followers beseeched Pilate to let them remove Yahshua to the grave, as the next day was a "high" day, a Sabbath. This was not a weekly Sabbath, but the 1st day of an annual Sabbath - Unleavened Bread. Remember, Passover is not a Sabbath, it is a series of events. The day before the 1st day of ULB is the "preparation day", the day you prepare for the Feast of Unleavened Bread. John 19:43 [en# 15] tells us that the day of Yahshua's death was a preparation day. Yahshua's followers were wanting his body removed prior to the High Sabbath, which was the 1st day of Unleavened Bread. This is because no work is to be done on Sabbath and handling a dead body is a prohited work, especially when it can be handling prior to Sabbath. This comports with the verses that tell us to do things on the 14th in preparation for the 1st day of ULB.
With the lamb being killed sometime during the 14th, between the evenings (from the evening at the beginning of the day till the evening at the end of the day), then Yahshua must have eaten his last dinner, with his Disciples, one day early at the evening marking the end of the 13th and the beginning of the 14th. He was killed in the afternoon of the 14th and the 15th was the Passover and 1st day of ULB.
Passover preparation is the fourteenth day of the first month.
Exodus 12:16, Leviticus 23:7&8, Numbers 28:18&25 are clear to say the first and seventh days of the week of Unleavened Bread are Sabbaths. The 1st day of ULB is a HIGH day - annual Sabbath.
Hence, following the Scripture found in Exodus 12, Deuteronomy 16, Ezekiel 45, Matthew 26, Mark 14 & Luke 22, the High day of the 1st day of ULB is the 15th day of the 1st month.
The Last Supper
This still leaves one contentious point, which is the Passover meal Yahshua ate with his Disciples. With the 1st day of ULB being the 15th day of the 1st month, this means, Yahshua and his Disciples ate that famous Passover meal on the evening of the 14th (beginning of the day at night), one day early. No doubt this is because Yahshua would not be available the next evening - he would be dead. It seems that Yahshua is acknowledging this fact and desire in Luke 22:15. Here, Yahshua is saying he has desired/longed even planned to have this meal BEFORE his suffering. Yahshua evidently pined to have this meal, even to have it one day early rather than miss it all together, and his Disciples show no evidence of challenging Yahshua, hinting that they understood the variance. Moreover, the verses in Matthew and Mark (supra) indicate that the Disciples and Yahshua had discussed the quirk.
In Matthew 26:17 & Mark 14:12 the Disciples are asking for instruction to prepare this Passover meal. This is rather like you scheduling a birthday celebration NEAR the correct day, but on Sunday (non work day) when the whole family can conveniently get togther.
It seems that the greek of Matthew 26:17 goes something like 
.
This roughly says "on the other hand, regarding". Therefore, the
Disciples were asking Yahshau about an impending event/time, rather than
admitting that day was now.
The Lamb
Yahshua is characterized as the "Lamb" of God, and the lamb was slaughtered to be eaten at or prior to the evening of the 15th day (beginning of the day) of the 1st month [Deuteronomy 16:6 en# 10.2].
As the lamb, Yahshua must die before sundown (toward eveining) just
prior to the 15th beginning. The timing must be "before sundown"
which begins the 15th day, because work is not allowed on the 15th (a high
Sabbath). This is the same thing Yahshua's followers asserted when
seeking his body [John 19:28 en#
16].
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Exodus 11:1 And the LORD said unto Moses, Yet will I
bring one plague more upon Pharaoh, and upon Egypt; afterwards he will
let you go hence: when he shall let you go, he shall surely thrust you
out hence altogether.
2 Speak now in the ears of the people, and let
every man borrow of his neighbour, and every woman of her neighbour, jewels
of silver, and jewels of gold.
3 And the LORD gave the people favour in the sight
of the Egyptians. Moreover the man Moses was very great in the land of
Egypt, in the sight of Pharaoh's servants, and in the sight of the people.
4 And Moses said, Thus saith the LORD, About
midnight will I go out into the midst of Egypt:
5 And all the firstborn in the land of Egypt
shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sitteth upon his throne,
even unto the firstborn of the maidservant that is behind the mill; and
all the firstborn of beasts.
6 And there shall be a great cry throughout all
the land of Egypt, such as there was none like it, nor shall be like it
any more.
7 But against any of the children of Israel shall
not a dog move his tongue, against man or beast: that ye may know how that
the LORD doth put a difference between the Egyptians and Israel.
8 And all these thy servants shall come down unto
me, and bow down themselves unto me, saying, Get thee out, and all the
people that follow thee: and after that I will go out. And he went out
from Pharaoh in a great anger.
9 And the LORD said unto Moses, Pharaoh shall not
hearken unto you; that my wonders may be
multiplied in the land of Egypt.
10 And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before
Pharaoh: and the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, so that he would not let
the children of Israel go out of his land.
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Leviticus 23:1 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,
2 Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto
them, Concerning the feasts of the LORD, which ye shall proclaim to be
holy convocations, even these are my feasts.
3 Six days shall work be done: but the seventh
day is the sabbath of rest, an holy convocation; ye shall do no work therein:
it is the sabbath of the LORD in all your dwellings.
4 These are the feasts of the LORD, even holy convocations,
which ye shall proclaim in their seasons.
5 In the fourteenth day of the first month at
even is the LORD'S passover.
6 And on the fifteenth day of the same month
is the feast of unleavened bread unto the LORD: seven days ye must eat
unleavened bread.
7 In the first day ye shall have an holy convocation:
ye shall do no servile work therein.
8 But ye shall offer an offering made by fire unto
the LORD seven days: in the seventh day is an holy convocation: ye shall
do no servile work therein.
9 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,
10 Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto
them, When ye be come into the land which I give unto you, and shall reap
the harvest thereof, then ye shall bring a sheaf of the firstfruits of
your harvest unto the priest:
11 And he shall wave the sheaf before the LORD,
to be accepted for you: on the morrow after the sabbath the priest shall
wave it.
12 And ye shall offer that day when ye wave the
sheaf an he lamb without blemish of the first year for a burnt offering
unto the LORD.
13 And the meat offering thereof shall be two tenth
deals of fine flour mingled with oil, an offering made by fire unto the
LORD for a sweet savour: and the drink offering thereof shall be of wine,
the fourth part of an hin.
14 And ye shall eat neither bread, nor parched
corn, nor green ears, until the selfsame day that ye have brought an offering
unto your God: it shall be a statute for ever throughout your generations
in all your dwellings.
15 And ye shall count unto you from the morrow
after the sabbath, from the day that ye brought the sheaf of the wave offering;
seven sabbaths shall be complete:
16 Even unto the morrow after the seventh sabbath
shall ye number fifty days; and ye shall offer a new meat offering
unto the LORD.
17 Ye shall bring out of your habitations two wave
loaves of two tenth deals: they shall be of fine flour; they shall be baken
with leaven; they are the firstfruits unto the LORD.
18 And ye shall offer with the bread seven lambs
without blemish of the first year, and one young bullock, and two rams:
they shall be for a burnt offering unto the LORD, with their meat offering,
and their drink offerings, even an offering made by fire, of sweet savour
unto the LORD.
19 Then ye shall sacrifice one kid of the goats
for a sin offering, and two lambs of the first year for a sacrifice of
peace offerings.
20 And the priest shall wave them with the bread
of the firstfruits for a wave offering before the LORD, with the two
lambs: they shall be holy to the LORD for the priest.
21 And ye shall proclaim on the selfsame day,
that it may be an holy convocation unto you: ye shall do no servile work
therein: it shall be a statute for ever in all your dwellings throughout
your generations.
22 And when ye reap the harvest of your land, thou
shalt not make clean riddance of the corners of thy field when thou reapest,
neither shalt thou gather any gleaning of thy harvest: thou shalt leave
them unto the poor, and to the stranger: I am the LORD your God.
23 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,
24 Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, In
the seventh month, in the first day of the month, shall ye have a sabbath,
a memorial of blowing of trumpets, an holy convocation.
25 Ye shall do no servile work therein: but ye
shall offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD.
26 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,
27 Also on the tenth day of this seventh month
there shall be a day of atonement: it shall be an holy convocation unto
you; and ye shall afflict your souls, and offer an offering made by fire
unto the LORD.
28 And ye shall do no work in that same day: for
it is a day of atonement, to make an atonement for you before the LORD
your God.
29 For whatsoever soul it be that shall not be
afflicted in that same day, he shall be cut off from among his people.
30 And whatsoever soul it be that doeth any work
in that same day, the same soul will I destroy from among his people.
31 Ye shall do no manner of work: it shall be a
statute for ever throughout your generations in all your dwellings.
32 It shall be unto you a sabbath of rest, and
ye shall afflict your souls: in the ninth day of the month at even, from
even unto even, shall ye celebrate your sabbath.
33 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,
34 Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, The
fifteenth day of this seventh month shall be the feast of tabernacles for
seven days unto the LORD.
35 On the first day shall be an holy convocation:
ye shall do no servile work therein.
36 Seven days ye shall offer an offering made by
fire unto the LORD: on the eighth day shall be an holy convocation unto
you; and ye shall offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD: it is a
solemn assembly; and ye shall do no servile work therein.
37 These are the feasts of the LORD, which ye shall
proclaim to be holy convocations, to offer an offering made by fire unto
the LORD, a burnt offering, and a meat offering, a sacrifice, and drink
offerings, every thing upon his day:
38 Beside the sabbaths of the LORD, and beside
your gifts, and beside all your vows, and beside all your freewill offerings,
which ye give unto the LORD.
39 Also in the fifteenth day of the seventh month,
when ye have gathered in the fruit of the land, ye shall keep a feast unto
the LORD seven days: on the first day shall be a sabbath, and on the eighth
day shall be a sabbath.
40 And ye shall take you on the first day the boughs
of goodly trees, branches of palm trees, and the boughs of thick trees,
and willows of the brook; and ye shall rejoice before the LORD your God
seven days.
41 And ye shall keep it a feast unto the LORD seven
days in the year. It shall be a statute for ever in your generations: ye
shall celebrate it in the seventh month.
42 Ye shall dwell in booths seven days; all that
are Israelites born shall dwell in booths:
43 That your generations may know that I made the
children of Israel to dwell in booths, when I brought them out of the land
of Egypt: I am the LORD your God.
44 And Moses declared unto the children of Israel
the feasts of the LORD.
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Numbers 28:16 And in the fourteenth day of the first
month is the passover of the LORD.
17 And in the fifteenth day of this month is
the feast: seven days shall unleavened bread be eaten.
18 In the first day shall be an holy convocation;
ye shall do no manner of servile work therein:
19 But ye shall offer a sacrifice made by fire
for a burnt offering unto the LORD; two young bullocks, and one ram, and
seven lambs of the first year: they shall be unto you without blemish:
20 And their meat offering shall be of flour mingled
with oil: three tenth deals shall ye offer for a bullock, and two tenth
deals for a ram;
21 A several tenth deal shalt thou offer for every
lamb, throughout the seven lambs:
22 And one goat for a sin offering, to make an
atonement for you.
23 Ye shall offer these beside the burnt offering
in the morning, which is for a continual burnt offering.
24 After this manner ye shall offer daily, throughout
the seven days, the meat of the sacrifice made by fire, of a sweet savour
unto the LORD: it shall be offered beside the continual burnt offering,
and his drink offering.
25 And on the seventh day ye shall have an holy
convocation; ye shall do no servile work.
26 Also in the day of the firstfruits, when ye
bring a new meat offering unto the LORD, after your weeks be out, ye shall
have an holy convocation; ye shall do no servile work:
27 But ye shall offer the burnt offering for a
sweet savour unto the LORD; two young bullocks, one ram, seven lambs of
the first year;
28 And their meat offering of flour mingled with
oil, three tenth deals unto one bullock, two tenth deals unto one ram,
29 A several tenth deal unto one lamb, throughout
the seven lambs;
30 And one kid of the goats, to make an atonement
for you.
31 Ye shall offer them beside the continual burnt
offering, and his meat offering, (they shall be unto you without blemish)
and their drink offerings.
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Numbers 33:1 These are the journeys of the children of
Israel, which went forth out of the land of Egypt with their armies under
the hand of Moses and Aaron.
2 And Moses wrote their goings out according to
their journeys by the commandment of the LORD: and these are their journeys
according to their goings out.
3 And they departed from Rameses in the first month,
on the fifteenth day of the first month; on the morrow after the passover
the children of Israel went out with an high hand in the sight of all the
Egyptians.
4 For the Egyptians buried all their firstborn,
which the LORD had smitten among them: upon their gods also the LORD executed
judgments.
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Numbers 33:5 And the children of Israel removed from
Rameses, and pitched in Succoth.
6 And they departed from Succoth, and pitched
in Etham, which is in the edge of the wilderness.
7 And they removed from Etham, and turned again
unto Pihahiroth, which is before Baalzephon: and they pitched before
Migdol.
8 And they departed from before Pihahiroth, and
passed through the midst of the sea into the wilderness, and went three
days' journey in the wilderness of Etham, and pitched in Marah.
9 And they removed from Marah, and came unto Elim:
and in Elim were twelve fountains of water, and threescore and ten palm
trees; and they pitched there.
10 And they removed from Elim, and encamped by
the Red sea.
11 And they removed from the Red sea, and encamped
in the wilderness of Sin.
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Exodus 14:8 And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh
king of Egypt, and he pursued after the children of Israel:
and the children of Israel went out with an high hand.
9 But the Egyptians pursued after them, all the
horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook
them encamping by the sea, beside Pihahiroth, before Baalzephon.
10 And when Pharaoh drew nigh, the children of
Israel lifted up their eyes, and, behold, the Egyptians marched after them;
and they were sore afraid: and the children of Israel cried out unto the
LORD.
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Exodus 12:1 And the LORD spake unto Moses and Aaron
in the land of Egypt, saying,
2 This month shall be unto you the beginning
of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you.
3 Speak ye unto all the congregation of Israel,
saying, In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every
man a lamb, according to the house of their fathers, a lamb for an
house:
4 And if the household be too little for the lamb,
let him and his neighbour next unto his house take it according to the
number of the souls; every man according to his eating shall make your
count for the lamb.
5 Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of
the first year: ye shall take it out from the sheep, or from the goats:
6 And ye shall keep it up until the fourteenth
day of the same month: and the whole assembly of the congregation of
Israel shall kill it in the evening.
7 And they shall take of the blood, and strike
it on the two side posts and on the upper door post of the houses, wherein
they shall eat it.
8 And they shall eat the flesh in that night,
roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall
eat it.
9 Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water,
but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof.
10 And ye shall let nothing of it remain until
the morning; and that which remaineth of it until the morning ye shall
burn with fire.
11 And thus shall ye eat it; with your loins girded,
your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and ye shall eat
it in haste: it is the LORD'S passover.
12 For I will pass through the land of Egypt
this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt,
both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment:
I am the LORD.
13 And the blood shall be to you for a token upon
the houses where ye are: and when I see the blood, I will pass over you,
and the plague shall not be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land
of Egypt.
14 And this day shall be unto you for a memorial;
and ye shall keep it a feast to the LORD throughout your generations; ye
shall keep it a feast by an ordinance for ever.
15 Seven days shall ye eat unleavened bread; even
the first day ye shall put away leaven out of your houses: for whosoever
eateth leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul
shall be cut off from Israel.
16 And in the first day there shall be an holy
convocation, and in the seventh day there shall be an holy convocation
to you; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every
man must eat, that only may be done of you.
17 And ye shall observe the feast of unleavened
bread; for in this selfsame day have I brought your armies out of the land
of Egypt: therefore shall ye observe this day in your generations by an
ordinance for ever.
18 In the first month, on the fourteenth day
of the month at even, ye shall eat unleavened bread, until the one and
twentieth day of the month at even.
19 Seven days shall there be no leaven found
in your houses: for whosoever eateth that which is leavened, even that
soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he be
a stranger, or born in the land.
20 Ye shall eat nothing leavened; in all
your habitations shall ye eat unleavened bread.
21 Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel,
and said unto them, Draw out and take you a lamb according to your families,
and kill the passover.
22 And ye shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip
it in the blood that is in the bason, and strike the lintel and the two
side posts with the blood that is in the bason; and none of you shall go
out at the door of his house until the morning.
23 For the LORD will pass through to smite the
Egyptians; and when he seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two
side posts, the LORD will pass over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer
to come in unto your houses to smite you.
24 And ye shall observe this thing for an ordinance
to thee and to thy sons for ever.
25 And it shall come to pass, when ye be come to
the land which the LORD will give you, according as he hath promised, that
ye shall keep this service.
26 And it shall come to pass, when your children
shall say unto you, What mean ye by this service?
27 That ye shall say, It is the sacrifice of the
LORD'S passover, who passed over the houses of the children of Israel in
Egypt, when he smote the Egyptians, and delivered our houses. And the people
bowed the head and worshipped.
28 And the children of Israel went away, and did
as the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.
29 And it came to pass, that at midnight the
LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn
of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the firstborn of the captive that
was in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of cattle.
30 And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he,
and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry
in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead.
31 And he called for Moses and Aaron by night,
and said, Rise up, and get you forth from among my people, both ye and
the children of Israel; and go, serve the LORD, as ye have said.
32 Also take your flocks and your herds, as
ye have said, and be gone; and bless me also.
33 And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people,
that they might send them out of the land in haste; for they said,
We be all dead men.
34 And the people took their dough before it
was leavened, their kneadingtroughs being bound up in their clothes upon
their shoulders.
35 And the children of Israel did according to
the word of Moses; and they borrowed of the Egyptians jewels of silver,
and jewels of gold, and raiment:
36 And the LORD gave the people favour in the
sight of the Egyptians, so that they lent unto them such things as they
required. And they spoiled the Egyptians.
37 And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses
to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot that were men, beside children.
38 And a mixed multitude went up also with them;
and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.
39 And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough
which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because
they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared
for themselves any victual.
40 Now the sojourning of the children of Israel,
who dwelt in Egypt, was four hundred and thirty years.
41 And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred
and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts
of the LORD went out from the land of Egypt.
42 It is a night to be much observed unto the LORD
for bringing them out from the land of Egypt: this is that night of the
LORD to be observed of all the children of Israel in their generations.
43 And the LORD said unto Moses and Aaron, This
is the ordinance of the passover: There shall no stranger eat thereof:
44 But every man's servant that is bought for money,
when thou hast circumcised him, then shall he eat thereof.
45 A foreigner and an hired servant shall not eat
thereof.
46 In one house shall it be eaten; thou shalt not
carry forth ought of the flesh abroad out of the house; neither shall ye
break a bone thereof.
47 All the congregation of Israel shall keep it.
48 And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee,
and will keep the passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised,
and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is
born in the land: for no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.
49 One law shall be to him that is homeborn, and
unto the stranger that sojourneth among you.
50 Thus did all the children of Israel; as the
LORD commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.
51 And it came to pass the selfsame day, that the
LORD did bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their
armies.
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Exodus 13:1 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,
2 Sanctify unto me all the firstborn, whatsoever
openeth the womb among the children of Israel, both of man and of beast:
it is mine.
3 And Moses said unto the people, Remember this
day, in which ye came out from Egypt, out of the house of bondage;
for by strength of hand the LORD brought you out from this place: there
shall no leavened bread be eaten.
4 This day came ye out in the month Abib.
5 And it shall be when the LORD shall bring thee
into the land of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Amorites, and
the Hivites, and the Jebusites, which he sware unto thy fathers to give
thee, a land flowing with milk and honey, that thou shalt keep this service
in this month.
6 Seven days thou shalt eat unleavened bread,
and in the seventh day shall be a feast to the LORD.
7 Unleavened bread shall be eaten seven days;
and there shall no leavened bread be seen with thee, neither shall there
be leaven seen with thee in all thy quarters.
8 And thou shalt shew thy son in that day, saying,
This is done because of that which the LORD did unto me when I came forth
out of Egypt.
9 And it shall be for a sign unto thee upon thine
hand, and for a memorial between thine eyes, that the LORD'S law may be
in thy mouth: for with a strong hand hath the LORD brought thee out of
Egypt.
10 Thou shalt therefore keep this ordinance in
his season from year to year.
11 And it shall be when the LORD shall bring thee
into the land of the Canaanites, as he sware unto thee and to thy fathers,
and shall give it thee,
12 That thou shalt set apart unto the LORD all
that openeth the matrix, and every firstling that cometh of a beast which
thou hast; the males shall be the LORD'S.
13 And every firstling of an ass thou shalt redeem
with a lamb; and if thou wilt not redeem it, then thou shalt break his
neck: and all the firstborn of man among thy children shalt thou redeem.
14 And it shall be when thy son asketh thee in
time to come, saying, What is this? that thou shalt say unto him, By strength
of hand the LORD brought us out from Egypt, from the house of bondage:
15 And it came to pass, when Pharaoh would hardly
let us go, that the LORD slew all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both
the firstborn of man, and the firstborn of beast: therefore I sacrifice
to the LORD all that openeth the matrix, being males; but all the firstborn
of my children I redeem.
16 And it shall be for a token upon thine hand,
and for frontlets between thine eyes: for by strength of hand the LORD
brought us forth out of Egypt.
17 And it came to pass, when Pharaoh had let the
people go, that God led them not through the way of the land of the Philistines,
although that was near; for God said, Lest peradventure the people repent
when they see war, and they return to Egypt:
18 But God led the people about, through the way
of the wilderness of the Red sea: and the children of Israel went up harnessed
out of the land of Egypt.
19 And Moses took the bones of Joseph with him:
for he had straitly sworn the children of Israel, saying, God will surely
visit you; and ye shall carry up my bones away hence with you.
20 And they took their journey from Succoth, and
encamped in Etham, in the edge of the wilderness.
21 And the LORD went before them by day in a pillar
of a cloud, to lead them the way; and by night in a pillar of fire, to
give them light; to go by day and night:
22 He took not away the pillar of the cloud by
day, nor the pillar of fire by night, from before the people.
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Ezekiel 45:16 All the people of the land shall give this
oblation for the prince in Israel.
17 And it shall be the prince's part to give burnt
offerings, and meat offerings, and drink offerings, in the feasts, and
in the new moons, and in the sabbaths, in all solemnities of the house
of Israel: he shall prepare the sin offering, and the meat offering, and
the burnt offering, and the peace offerings, to make reconciliation for
the house of Israel.
18 Thus saith the Lord GOD; In the first month,
in the first day of the month, thou shalt take a young bullock without
blemish, and cleanse the sanctuary:
19 And the priest shall take of the blood of the
sin offering, and put it upon the posts of the house, and upon the four
corners of the settle of the altar, and upon the posts of the gate of the
inner court.
20 And so thou shalt do the seventh day of the
month for every one that erreth, and for him that is simple: so shall ye
reconcile the house.
21 In the first month, in the fourteenth day
of the month, ye shall have the passover, a feast of seven days; unleavened
bread shall be eaten.
22 And upon that day shall the prince prepare for
himself and for all the people of the land a bullock for a sin offering.
23 And seven days of the feast he shall
prepare a burnt offering to the LORD, seven bullocks and seven rams without
blemish daily the seven days; and a kid of the goats daily for a sin offering.
24 And he shall prepare a meat offering of an ephah
for a bullock, and an ephah for a ram, and an hin of oil for an ephah.
25 In the seventh month, in the fifteenth day of
the month, shall he do the like in the feast of the seven days, according
to the sin offering, according to the burnt offering, and according to
the meat offering, and according to the oil.
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Deuteronomy 16:1 Observe the month of Abib, and
keep
the passover unto the LORD thy God: for in the month of Abib the
LORD thy God brought thee forth out of Egypt by night.
2 Thou shalt therefore sacrifice the passover
unto the LORD thy God, of the flock and the herd, in the place which
the LORD shall choose to place his name there.
3 Thou shalt eat no leavened bread WITH IT;
seven days shalt thou eat unleavened bread THEREWITH, even the bread
of affliction; for thou camest forth out of the land of Egypt in haste:
that thou mayest remember the day when thou camest forth out of the land
of Egypt all the days of thy life.
4 And there shall be no leavened bread seen with
thee in all thy coast seven days; neither shall there any thing of the
flesh, which thou sacrificedst the first day at even, remain all night
until the morning.
5 Thou mayest not sacrifice the passover within
any of thy gates, which the LORD thy God giveth thee:
6 But at the place which the LORD thy God shall
choose to place his name in, there thou shalt sacrifice the passover
at even, at the going down of the sun, at the season that thou camest
forth out of Egypt.
7 And thou shalt roast and eat it in the place
which the LORD thy God shall choose: and thou shalt turn in the morning,
and go unto thy tents.
8 Six days thou shalt eat unleavened bread:
and on the seventh day shall be a solemn assembly to the LORD thy God:
thou shalt do no work therein.
9 Seven weeks shalt thou number unto thee: begin
to number the seven weeks from such time as thou beginnest to put the sickle
to the corn.
10 And thou shalt keep the feast of weeks unto
the LORD thy God with a tribute of a freewill offering of thine hand, which
thou shalt give unto the LORD thy God, according as the LORD thy God hath
blessed thee:
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Matthew 26:1And it came to pass, when Jesus had finished
all these sayings, he said unto his disciples,
2 Ye know that after two days is the feast of the
passover, and the Son of man is betrayed to be crucified.
3 Then assembled together the chief priests, and the
scribes, and the elders of the people, unto the palace of the high priest,
who was called Caiaphas,
4 And consulted that they might take Jesus by subtilty,
and
kill him.
5 But they said, Not on the feast day, lest there
be an uproar among the people.
6 Now when Jesus was in Bethany, in the house of Simon
the leper,
7 There came unto him a woman having an alabaster box
of very precious ointment, and poured it on his head, as he sat at meat.
8 But when his disciples saw it, they had indignation,
saying, To what purpose is this waste?
9 For this ointment might have been sold for much, and
given to the poor.
10 When Jesus understood it, he said unto them, Why trouble
ye the woman? for she hath wrought a good work upon me.
11 For ye have the poor always with you; but me ye have
not always.
12 For in that she hath poured this ointment on my body,
she did it for my burial.
13 Verily I say unto you, Wheresoever this gospel shall
be preached in the whole world, there shall also this, that this woman
hath done, be told for a memorial of her.
14 Then one of the twelve, called Judas Iscariot,
went unto the chief priests,
15 And said unto them, What will ye give me, and
I will deliver him unto you? And they covenanted with him for thirty pieces
of silver.
16 And from that time he sought opportunity to
betray him.
17 Now the first day of the feast of unleavened
bread the disciples came to Jesus, saying unto him, Where wilt thou that
we prepare for thee to eat the passover?
18 And he said, Go into the city to such a man,
and say unto him, The Master saith, My time is at hand; I will keep the
passover at thy house with my disciples.
19 And the disciples did as Jesus had appointed
them; and they made ready the passover.
20 Now when the even was come, he sat down with
the twelve.
21 And as they did eat, he said, Verily I say unto
you, that one of you shall betray me.
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Mark 14:1 After two days was the feast of the passover,
and
of unleavened bread: and the chief priests and the scribes sought how
they might take him by craft, and put him to death.
2 But they said, Not on the feast day, lest
there be an uproar of the people.
3 And being in Bethany in the house of Simon the
leper, as he sat at meat, there came a woman having an alabaster box of
ointment of spikenard very precious; and she brake the box, and poured
it on his head. {spikenard: or, pure nard, or, liquid nard}
4 And there were some that had indignation within
themselves, and said, Why was this waste of the ointment made?
5 For it might have been sold for more than three
hundred pence, and have been given to the poor. And they murmured against
her.
6 And Jesus said, Let her alone; why trouble ye
her? she hath wrought a good work on me.
7 For ye have the poor with you always, and whensoever
ye will ye may do them good: but me ye have not always.
8 She hath done what she could: she is come aforehand
to anoint my body to the burying.
9 Verily I say unto you, Wheresoever this gospel
shall be preached throughout the whole world, this also that she hath done
shall be spoken of for a memorial of her.
10 And Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve, went
unto the chief priests, to betray him unto them.
11 And when they heard it, they were glad, and
promised to give him money. And he sought how he might conveniently betray
him.
12 And the first day of unleavened bread, when
they killed the passover, his disciples said unto him, Where wilt thou
that we go and prepare that thou mayest eat the passover?
13 And he sendeth forth two of his disciples, and
saith unto them, Go ye into the city, and there shall meet you a man bearing
a pitcher of water: follow him.
14 And wheresoever he shall go in, say ye to the
goodman of the house, The Master saith, Where is the guestchamber, where
I shall eat the passover with my disciples?
15 And he will shew you a large upper room furnished
and prepared: there make ready for us.
16 And his disciples went forth, and came into
the city, and found as he had said unto them: and they made ready the
passover.
17 And in the evening he cometh with the twelve.
18 And as they sat and did eat, Jesus said, Verily
I say unto you, One of you which eateth with me shall betray me.
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Luke 22:1 Now the feast of unleavened bread drew nigh,
which is called the Passover.
2 And the chief priests and scribes sought how
they might kill him; for they feared the people.
3 Then entered Satan into Judas surnamed Iscariot,
being of the number of the twelve.
4 And he went his way, and communed with the chief
priests and captains, how he might betray him unto them.
5 And they were glad, and covenanted to give him
money.
6 And he promised, and sought opportunity to betray
him unto them in the absence of the multitude.
7 Then came the day of unleavened bread, when
the passover must be killed.
8 And he sent Peter and John, saying, Go and
prepare us the passover, that we may eat.
9 And they said unto him, Where wilt thou that
we prepare?
10 And he said unto them, Behold, when ye are entered
into the city, there shall a man meet you, bearing a pitcher of water;
follow him into the house where he entereth in.
11 And ye shall say unto the goodman of the house,
The Master saith unto thee, Where is the guestchamber, where I shall eat
the passover with my disciples?
12 And he shall shew you a large upper room furnished:
there make ready.
13 And they went, and found as he had said unto
them: and they made ready the passover.
14 And when the hour was come, he sat down,
and the twelve apostles with him.
15 And he said unto them, With desire I have
desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer:
16 For I say unto you, I will not any more eat
thereof, until it be fulfilled in the kingdom of God.
17 And he took the cup, and gave thanks, and
said, Take this, and divide it among yourselves:
18 For I say unto you, I will not drink of the
fruit of the vine, until the kingdom of God shall come.
19 And he took bread, and gave thanks, and brake
it, and gave unto them, saying, This is my body which is given for you:
this do in remembrance of me.
20 Likewise also the cup after supper, saying,
This cup is the new testament in my blood, which is shed for you.
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John 19:30 When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar,
he said, It is finished: and he bowed his head, and gave up the ghost.
31 The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation,
that the bodies should not remain upon the cross on the sabbath day, (for
that sabbath day was an high day) besought Pilate that their legs might
be broken, and that they might be taken away.
32 Then came the soldiers, and brake the legs of the
first, and of the other which was crucified with him.
33 But when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead
already, they brake not his legs:
34 But one of the soldiers with a spear pierced his side,
and forthwith came there out blood and water.
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John 19:38 And after this Joseph of Arimathaea, being
a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews, besought Pilate
that he might take away the body of Jesus: and Pilate gave him leave. He
came therefore, and took the body of Jesus.
39 And there came also Nicodemus, which at the first
came to Jesus by night, and brought a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about
an hundred pound weight.
40 Then took they the body of Jesus, and wound it in
linen clothes with the spices, as the manner of the Jews is to bury.
41 Now in the place where he was crucified there was
a garden; and in the garden a new sepulchre, wherein was never man yet
laid.
42 There laid they Jesus therefore because of the Jews'
preparation
day; for the sepulchre was nigh at hand.
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John 19:28 After this, Jesus knowing that all things
were now accomplished, that the scripture might be fulfilled, saith, I
thirst.
29 Now there was set a vessel full of vinegar:
and they filled a spunge with vinegar, and put it upon hyssop, and put
it to his mouth.
30 When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar,
he said, It is finished: and he bowed his head, and gave up the ghost.
31 The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation,
that the bodies should not remain upon the cross on the sabbath day, (for
that sabbath day was an high day,) besought Pilate that their legs might
be broken, and that they might be taken away.
32 Then came the soldiers, and brake the legs of
the first, and of the other which was crucified with him.
33 But when they came to Jesus, and saw that he
was dead already, they brake not his legs:
34 But one of the soldiers with a spear pierced
his side, and forthwith came there out blood and water.
35 And he that saw it bare record, and his record
is true: and he knoweth that he saith true, that ye might believe.
36 For these things were done, that the scripture
should be fulfilled, A bone of him shall not be broken.
37 And again another scripture saith, They shall
look on him whom they pierced.
38 And after this Joseph of Arimathaea, being a
disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews, besought Pilate that
he might take away the body of Jesus: and Pilate gave him leave. He came
therefore, and took the body of Jesus.
Tribble
revised: April 2004
revised: March 2005d
revised: April 2005a
revised: June 2005a
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